Thursday, August 27, 2020

The Brown vs Board of Education Case

Fifty years back when the choice was passed on in the Brown versus Board of Education case isolated educational systems went to a sudden end. After five decades there are as yet hot discussions on the viability of such a decision. Today, while schools are not lawfully isolated, there are isolation patterns due to the manner in which populaces assemble in territories and the nearby schools are affected by such populaces. Laws have been set up to forestall isolation and youngsters have been transported across town to attempt to accomplish racial equalization, however ongoing changes to enactment have halted that also. Today, the country is partitioned on the isolated school issue by and by. The primary subject of the first article is that isolation in quite a while today, doesn't take on a similar significance as it did when the Brown choice was passed on. Today, as indicated by the creator populace lopsidedness has more to do with populace wants to be situated close to one another, similar to the case with numerous Spanish talking and European zones of the nation(Mckenna 1995). As per the creator, isolation for this situation is a constructive thing as it places individuals of a similar language in a similar territory in this manner lessening trepidation and failure to work until the youngsters can create more grounded English skills(Mckenna 1995). The creator accepts that the response to prejudice isn't to compel transporting or different strategies that will place kids in various school populaces. Rather, the creator accepts bigotry can be finished by taking a shot at society all in all and grasping the very contrasts that make America the country that it is today. Generally I concur with the article. I know whether I didn't communicate in English I would be reluctant to permit my youngster to be transported over the city only for racial parity inside the educational system. I would want to keep them near a comfortable territory with their natural language being spoken. I don't concur anyway with the explanation that isolated schools are not malevolent. I accept there is a scarcely discernible difference between not pushing children and leaving them alone deserted. In the event that we don't constrain the equalization of race inside the educational system we should rather be mindful so as not to let the minority educational systems fall by the wayside with regards to subsidizing and different things that make training conceivable. In the second article the writer accepts that isolated schools put certain understudies off guard. Refering to the issues including not getting ready kids for a normally various society the writer trusts it is basic to blend the races while understudies are youthful enough to grasp such social differences(Droesch, 1996). â€Å"With or without an integration plan set up, a significant number of our kids keep on encountering isolation and racial inclination in school. On the off chance that our youngsters keep on living in racially spellbound networks and go to isolated schools, they will be at an unmistakable burden in the present worldwide town. For the entirety of our district's childhood to address the difficulties of working in a multicultural world, they should have the chance to learn in a situation that advocates consideration and regard for diversity(Droesch, 1996).† The creator accepts integration plans for educational systems is a starting advance to taking care of the issue of bigotry in America. I concur that isolated schools will cause a proceeded captivated demeanor. I concur with the creator that we should set up our nation†s kids for a racially different network. I trust it is critical to arrive at understudies when they are youthful and generally open to decent variety. This will aid the nation†s worldwide exertion to stop prejudice. I concur more with the second article than the first if language obstructions are removed from the condition.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Saudi Arabia and The United State of America PowerPoint Presentation

Saudi Arabia and The United State of America - PowerPoint Presentation Example In United States the organizations are privatized and the legislature has less authority over it. While in Saudi all the monetary enacts of the nation is constrained by the legislature alone. Clearly the nation is where in the royals has the state on the working of the political exercises of the nation. Saudi is managed by King while America has political race which chooses the President of the nation. The nation has focal and central government and a lawful body to oversee the country. America is a law based nation whereas,Saudi Arabia is a government. Be that as it may, Saudi Arabian GDP is not as much as America as last is a nation relied upon its oil save instead of utilized nationals. Saudi has a littler economy than America as last is an enormous nation. America is a nation which can be considered as the mixture of culture. It has a wide assortment of individuals having a place with different religion, ethnicity race and nationality .American culture envelops the traditions and customs of the United States, including language, religion, food and expressions of the human experience. As per (Zimmerman,2013) â€Å"Nearly every district of the world has impacted American culture, as it is a nation of settlers, most outstandingly the English who colonized the nation starting in the mid 1600s.†.Contradictory to this, the Saudi Arabian culture is customarily connected to the Islamic laws and direction. There is severe disallowance with respect to liquor utilization, pork and privileges of ladies. Saudi Arabia is the most exacting country on the planet and it is working concurring the laws of Quran as Prophet Mohammed is from this area. Additionally the blessed journey occurs in Mecca which is an advantaged district for Muslims. At the point when we take a gander at the way of life of America and Saudi there is a wide hole between them. Saudi can be no place contrasted with America as the previous is confined country though last is free nation with liberal human rights and opportunity. Saudi has

ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF GLOBALIZATION ON TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY Essay

While examining the subjects of exchange, improvement and political economy, globalization is frequently talked about. When all is said in done, globalization implies a procedure where world economies become profoundly incorporated, prompting a worldwide economy and exceptionally worldwide financial policymaking, through universal offices, for example, the World Trade Organization (Todaro and Smith, 2006). Since late 1980s, the expanding globalization in the assembling segment and administration part has likewise globalized the media transmission industry. Countless telecom organizations are extending quickly from their nations of origin to different nations so as to expand their client base and their deals, off kilter. Globalization has with it numerous difficulties and financial advantages as well. For some business analysts, globalization can cause genuine difficulties in the entire world, for example, imbalance is highlighted, natural debasement, and strength of rich nations and so forth. And yet defenders of globalization are of the view that globalization prompts the fast development of information and advancement and improved expectations for everyday comforts. Financial ANALYSIS OF GLOBALIZATION How globalization happened or which powers brought forth this marvel? The three boss monetary and budgetary markers that prompted globalization are: The universal exchange of products and enterprises, the extending and liberating of exchange has prompted globalization to increment at a fast pace. The more prominent progression of capital in light of development of worldwide capital markets. Globalization of budgetary division is the most powerful part of financial globalization. The more prominent development of individuals around the world has additionally added to quickly developing globalization, separating social boundaries. Globalization implies reconciliation of various markets in the worldwide economy. Globalization may happen in various markets, for example, budgetary markets, ware advertises and even in the administration division (Scholte, 2000). Makers and buyers and national economies in general profit by the procedure of globalization. For instance, economies may profit by practicing themselves specifically items in which they have relative preferred position. Firms may get cost serious through globalization by getting to modest crude materials from different nations. Likewise, advantage of economies of scale is accomplished through access to huge markets and more popularity for items, in this manner lessening normal creation cost of the firm. Huge multinationals are the principle transporters of monetary globalization. They are universally adjusting their creation and assets as indicated by the standard of benefit boost. GLOBALIZATION OF TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY-CASE OF VODAFONE Initially media transmission industry was claimed and constrained by state-possessed national media transmission organizations. Yet, with the progression of time, development in innovation and globalization has changed the idea of media transmission industry. Globalization has opened up business sectors and gotten rivalry this segment. National media transmission organizations were being privatized and the business deregulated to make it serious. Everywhere throughout the world, the worldwide organizations have become the primary vehicle for quickening globalization. Vodafone, a British worldwide media transmission organization, is the world’s driving telecom having huge presence in Europe, United States, Middle East, Asia Pacific and Africa. It is one of the most quickly prospering worldwide organizations, which began as a holder of one of the initial two portable interchanges licenses in the UK and now it’s a prevailing worldwide brand. (Ibbott, 2007) gives a view that Vodafone made an informal community that was associated with mergers and acquisitions andâ deployment of a worldwide system of versatile innovation that serves a proportionate portable client base of 198.6 million out of 2006. Ibbott (2007) clarified what truly globalization implies as â€Å"A worldwide organization is one that allows its nearby tasks to act in the picture of the market locally but can act in a really homogeneous manner regarding the flexibly and arrangement of its center items and services† Vodafone is a worldwide organization as its sourcing and gracefully anchor exercises are moved to be completely worldwide for the significant piece of its venture, while administrations stay neighborhood (Ibbott, 2007). Globalization do esn't intend to open tasks and branches in different nations however to make its activities worldwide, not coordinated by the administrative center situated in the parent nation. Results OF GLOBALIZATION ON TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY-CASE OF VODAFONE Globalization has become an imperative part of the worldwide economy and unequivocally impacts the relative bit of leeway of economies. (Salvatore, 2004) inspected the impact of globalization on the relative favorable position of Europe for a few products and inferred that Europe has a near drawback in media transmission regarding Japan, United States and Dynamic Asian nations. The level of globalization is a critical component in analyzing the universal intensity of economies. Huge worldwide enterprises are getting a charge out of the advantages of globalization, the most. Right around 50 percent of absolute benefits of Vodafone originated from outside deals, for example Asia Pacific and Middle East district. The CEO of UK-based Vodafone Group discussing worldwide administration said (Yunker, 2008), â€Å"Less than 5 percent of our benefits originates from UK. We have needed to in a general sense update this organization as a worldwide organization. We are an exceptionally purchaser driven organization. In Germany, we feel German. In Italy, we feel Italian. In Spain, we feel Spanish. In India, we feel Indians.† Vodafone has encountered drop out in Japan in 2005. It discharged â€Å"Converged-Handset† cell phones in December 2005 out of 13 nations simultaneously, including Japan. Being, one of the world’s biggest worldwide organizations, it did as such without considering the residential condition of every nation. Along these lines they brought about incredible misfortune in both, number ofâ subscribers and benefits. The organization lost 200,000 supporters in the initial not many months of the year and benefits declined by 15.4 percent (Fackler and Belson, 2005). Clients additionally got numerous difficulties like; absence of capacities, the costly bills and terrible signs. Along these lines it neglected to present same innovations in various nations. So as to recover its situation in the market, they offered such administrations which are being given by their rivals, for example, low costs, level month to month bills for calls and messages. Henceforth showcase rivalry constr ained Vodafone to make due in the market by contending with indistinguishable items at same rates from its rivals are advertising. Because of globalization, customer turned out to be progressively mindful of their choices. They consider their choices by taking their moral and ecological concerns. This new measurement presents pressure on ventures to improve their business through new open activities and laws. Moreover, expanded worldwide rivalry put genuine focus on Vodafone to assess its CSR approach and moral position. At the point when globalization arrived at its pace and mergers and acquisitions among firms occur, worldwide organizations get position to recruit and fire their laborers (Carlson, 2002). This was occurred in Motorola, when they terminated their 3000 laborers on 2000 by closing down their plant in Scotland. So also, in 2009, Vodafone rebuilt its plan of action, so as to spare expenses and to suit more clients confronting jobs. Around 400 laborers were made jobless from its home office or being sent to some different spots. Henceforth, it is being demonstrated throughout the years that in huge worldwide associations, enormous number of laborers have been made jobless, therefore, making a feeling of frailty among laborers. Considering the way that globalization may likewise have unfavorable effect on laborers; The European Globalization Adjustment Fund (EGF) has been set up. The EGF planned to help repetitive specialists, principally in the territories where globalization has unfavorably influenced the laborers. The European Globalization Adjustment Fund has been built up under Regulation (EC) No 1927/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006. It has a yearly financial plan of EUR 500 million to help specialist for their business. Assessment AND CONCLUSION The developing mix of the economies has been a warmed discussion all around the globe in the course of the most recent two decades. The outcomes of globalization and its different measurements have been generally discussed and analyzed by scholastics, legislators, policymakers, and even the private segment. As per the United Nations Development Program, Human Development Report, 1999 â€Å"Globalization is forming another time of connection among economies and individuals. It is expanding the communication between individuals across national limits, in economy, innovation, in culture and in administration. Be that as it may, it is additionally parting creation forms, work markets, political substances and social orders. In this way, while globalization has positive and dynamic viewpoints, it has likewise negative, troublesome, minimizing aspects.† Critics of globalization contend that globalization is hindering to monetary development, for example, it builds salary imbalance a mong countries, financial precariousness may emerge, laborers are being misused and governments become unfit to raise charges, then again, the promoters of globalization are of the view that it brings higher pace of feasible financial development and improved expectations for everyday comforts. In an investigation from the Center of Economic Policy Research by European Policy Advisors, while examining the financial effect of globalization, it was discovered that the genuine advantages of globalization overweigh the expenses related with it. Also globalization has been influencing the media transmission area as well. Because of expanding globalization, the media transmission arrangement all around the globe has augmented th

Friday, August 21, 2020

Scholarship Registration and give back to society Essay

Grant Registration and offer back to society - Essay Example Truth be told by being building up my capabilities, I will encourage my objective of leaving my inheritance to this world by giving my best in the assignments that I will deal with. Being an understudy of business the executives, I accept that I will be contributing a large portion of my insight and abilities in the business association which I will join. Since my tendency is in driving and coordinating the association in the fulfillment of its objective, I realize that I will be an extraordinary impetus who can impact the organization as well as the entirety of its partners. In its interior activity, I will utilize the aptitudes and information I'd obtain to augment the effectiveness of organization and limiting wastage of assets. Through this, the entire society will be profited as the overabundance assets will be distributed to progressively proficient methods. I will likewise lead in the formation of items which are progressively useful to customers through quality enhancements. It is likewise my commitment to spur laborers, underline their incentive to the organization, and guarantee the best working conditions for them.

How to Write a Scholarship Application Essay

How to Write a Scholarship Application EssayFor college students who aspire to get their college tuition paid by scholarships, the best way to ensure that their applications are considered is to know how to write a scholarship application essay. Essays should not be written in the first few sentences; rather, it should be included at the very end of the lengthy application. This is where the applicant can write about why he or she believes the essay should be written. He or she should also include what he or she hopes to gain from the essay.Some of the main areas where the student can include this information are the reasons why he or she is writing the essay. This is to show that the applicant is interested in sharing his or her thoughts with the school. It will also help to show that the student has not been afraid to venture out of his or her comfort zone and share what he or she believes about why they should be the one to write this particular essay.The main reason that the appl icant should always think about is that by including this information, the school has a basis for evaluating the application, which means that all it needs to do is look at the subject matter and the content of the essay to determine if it should be awarded. If the essay is something about why the applicant believes the school should award the scholarship, then the essay must include why it should be written.Another thing to note is that the student should not type any information into the space provided on the application such as the student's full name or the name of the school's website. He or she should type it only in quotation marks.The student should find out about the different scholarships offered before filling out the form. Some students might find out about them right after they apply, while others might need to go through a lengthy process before they find out about the scholarships that are being offered. Regardless of whether the student finds out about the scholarshi ps immediately or after a long process, the scholarship application essay must be written at the same time as the other papers.A sample essay can be helpful here. Students should also ensure that they have all the required supplies for his or her own home. He or she should not waste money buying supplies when he or she can find some very inexpensive supplies on the Internet.To get the most out of the tips and information on how to write a scholarship application essay, the student should read up on each topic before starting. He or she should be aware of what is expected from him or her. A lot of people forget these important things when they are so excited about completing their application.Student who are given assignments such as this one will also be given materials to assist them when it comes to writing their application essays. This could be an essay help guide or any other paper that the teacher is looking for. The student should also use this as a guideline as he or she pre pares his or her own essay.

Thursday, June 25, 2020

Do You Have GMAT Anxiety

Ask yourself: Do you know how your GMAT score will affect your chances of gaining admission to your top choice MBA program? How do you know when you should retake the GMAT? Do you need to be concerned that the GMAT is going to block your path to your target schools and dream career? Need help making sense of it all? Join us for our free webinar, The GMAT: Low Scores, Retaking Strategies for Success, when Linda Abraham will answer these questions – and more. It’s completely free – but spaces are limited, so reserve yours today! Reserve Your Spot: hbspt.forms.create({ portalId: "58291", formId: "bfefbf5c-ff5e-428d-8fe2-d093e2ae1cc0" }); For 25 years, Accepted has helped business school applicants gain acceptance to top programs. Our outstanding team of MBA admissions consultants features former business school admissions directors and professional writers who have guided our clients to admission at top MBA, EMBA, and other graduate business programs worldwide including Harvard, Stanford, Wharton, Booth, INSEAD, London Business School, and many more.  Want an MBA admissions expert  to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! Do You Have GMAT Anxiety Ask yourself: Do you know how your GMAT score will affect your chances of gaining admission to your top choice MBA program? How do you know when you should retake the GMAT? Do you need to be concerned that the GMAT is going to block your path to your target schools and dream career? Need help making sense of it all? Join us for our free webinar, The GMAT: Low Scores, Retaking Strategies for Success, when Linda Abraham will answer these questions – and more. It’s completely free – but spaces are limited, so reserve yours today! Reserve Your Spot: hbspt.forms.create({ portalId: "58291", formId: "bfefbf5c-ff5e-428d-8fe2-d093e2ae1cc0" }); For 25 years, Accepted has helped business school applicants gain acceptance to top programs. Our outstanding team of MBA admissions consultants features former business school admissions directors and professional writers who have guided our clients to admission at top MBA, EMBA, and other graduate business programs worldwide including Harvard, Stanford, Wharton, Booth, INSEAD, London Business School, and many more.  Want an MBA admissions expert  to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch!

Tuesday, May 26, 2020

How Was Brachiosaurus Discovered

For such a famous and influential dinosaur—Its been featured in countless movies, most notably the first installment of Jurassic Park—Brachiosaurus is known from surprisingly limited fossil remains. This isnt an unusual situation for sauropods, the skeletons of which are often disarticulated (read: picked apart by scavengers and scattered to the winds by bad weather) after their deaths, and more often than not are found to be missing their skulls. Its with a skull, however, that the story of Brachiosaurus begins. In 1883, the famous paleontologist Othniel C. Marsh received a sauropod skull that had been discovered in Colorado. Since so little was known about sauropods at the time, Marsh wound up mounting the skull on a reconstruction of Apatosaurus (the dinosaur formerly known as Brontosaurus), which he had recently named. It took nearly a century for paleontologists to realize that this skull actually belonged to Brachiosaurus, and for a brief time before that, it was assigned to yet another sauropod genus, Camarasaurus. The Type Fossil of Brachiosaurus The honor of naming Brachiosaurus went to the paleontologist Elmer Riggs, who discovered this dinosaurs type fossil in Colorado in 1900 (Riggs and his team were sponsored by Chicagos Field Columbian Museum, later to be known as the Field Museum of Natural History). Missing its skull, ironically enough--and no, theres no reason to believe that the skull examined by Marsh two decades before belonged to this particular Brachiosaurus specimen--the fossil was otherwise reasonably complete, evincing this dinosaurs long neck and unusually long front legs. At the time, Riggs was under the impression that he had discovered the largest known dinosaur—bigger even than Apatosaurus and Diplodocus, which had been unearthed a generation before. Still, he had the humility to name his find not after its size, but its towering trunk and long front limbs: Brachiosaurus altithorax, the high-thoraxed arm lizard. Foreboding later developments (see below), Riggs noted the resemblance of Brachiosaurus to a giraffe, especially given its long neck, truncated hind legs, and shorter-than-usual tail. About the Giraffatitan, the Brachiosaurus That Wasnt In 1914, a little over a dozen years after Brachiosaurus was named, the German paleontologist Werner Janensch discovered the scattered fossils of a giant sauropod in what is now modern Tanzania (on the eastern coast of Africa). He assigned these remains to a new species of Brachiosaurus, Brachiosaurus brancai, even though we now know, from the theory of continental drift, that there was very little communication between Africa and North America during the late Jurassic period. As with Marshs Apatosaurus skull, it wasnt until the late 20th century that this mistake was rectified. Upon re-examining the type fossils of Brachiosaurus brancai, paleontologists discovered that they were substantially different from those of Brachiosaurus altithorax, and a new genus was erected: Giraffatitan, the giant giraffe. Ironically, Giraffatitan is represented by much more complete fossils than Brachiosaurus—meaning that most of what we supposedly know about Brachiosaurus is actually about its more obscure African cousin!

Monday, May 18, 2020

Nonverbal Workplace Communication - 882 Words

Nonverbal Workplace Communication Introduction Most often, nonverbal communication reflects gestures, posture, body language level of eye contact and facial expressions. Voice quality such as rhythm, timbre, pitch, intonation and the level of stress articulated in the verbal tone are also regarded as nonverbal forms of communication. Nonverbal communication has the ability to reinforce and reiterate what is stated verbally with sequential instead of simultaneous repeating. Nonverbal communication can also indicated information that is contradictory to what is verbally spoken, or sending mixed signals. Moreover, nonverbal communication can be complimentary, accentuate and/or amplify what is verbalized. Additionally, an individual can use nonverbal cues as a disruption to the flow of conversation and as a means of subjugating or attempting to intimidate another individual. Other factors that impact verbal communication include the persons communication, their characteristics, as well as the relationship between the ind ividual Most social psychologists will tell you that nonverbal communication makes up about two thirds of all communication between two people or between one speaker and a group of listeners (Hogan Stubbs, 2003). According to Argyle et al., (1988) nonverbal communication has a number of functions with five being primary to include: (1) expressing emotions; (2) expressing interpersonal attitudes of the individual whether speaker or listener; (3)Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Nonverbal Communication On The Workplace Essay1804 Words   |  8 Pagesworking in a professional setting, nonverbal communication is just as important as all other aspects of communication. Whether working in retail or a corporate desk setting, the way we interact with others says a lot about what we are thinking or how we are feeling. This can sometimes cause tension in the workplace if the interaction is awkward or if there is confusion in between the individuals. To prevent any negative energy caused from n onverbal communication, there should be rules set in placeRead MoreEffective Communication Is Vital for Sucees in Professional, Corporate, and Academic Environments579 Words   |  3 PagesEffective communication skills are vital to success in professional, corporate, and academic environments. We are evaluated daily on our ability to communicate efficiently in interactions that take place at work, as well as in our personal lives. According to Faye and Jerry Wisner, communication is the process by which we verbally or nonverbally convey a message to another person or a group of people in a way that can be received and understood. The two types of communication found to be most effectiveRead MoreNonverbal Communication : The Method Of Encoding And Decoding1108 Words   |  5 PagesNonverbal communication consists of the method of encoding and decoding. Encoding is the act of producing the communication using gestures, facial expressions, and posture. Decoding is the process of rec eiving the information and how the individual processes that information based on their previous experiences. Culture plays a significant role that helps the way learning activities are organized. Nonverbal communication consists of visual cues such as kinesics, proxemics, paralanguage, and hapticsRead MoreEye contact Essay1485 Words   |  6 Pagescommon phrase used about the eyes is that, â€Å"the eyes are the window to the soul.† This phrase is not necessarily true; however, it gives a good perspective on how people use eyes to judge a person’s character. First of all, eye contact is a great communication tool and can be used effectively in social situation. Second, a teacher can use eye contact to help their interaction with students. Third, employers want a future employee to have good eye contact to know that the employee is listening and willRead MoreThe Effects Of Tactile Communication On The Human Resource Manager ( Hrm )1250 Words   |  5 PagesOne type of nonverbal communication is haptics. Haptics refers to the study of communication by touch (Anonymous, 2012). According to Anonymous, 2012, â€Å"touch is necessary for human social development, and it can be welcoming, threatening, or persuasive.† The meaning of a simple touch differs between individuals, genders, and cultures. It is important for the Human Resource Manager (HRM) to recognize these differences in order to improve communication and be effective in the workplace. Tactile communicationRead MoreUsing Sounds in Communication Essay841 Words   |  4 Pagesperson or group is communication (Quintanilla Wahl, 2014). Demonstrative communication can send messages in a nonverbal and unwritten form of communication such as body language, tone of voice, and facial expressions that can have a positive or a negative result that effects an individual’s listening or response with the exchange of information. Society uses verbal communication as a main part of their lives, and demonstrative communication accentuates on the verbal communication. Facial expressionsRead MoreThe Importance Of Nonverbal Communication And How It Affects Their Perceptions Of Different Interactions Essay1163 Words   |  5 Pages Harmony in the workplace is something every manager should strive for. A big part of achieving this is proper communication. Communication involves spoken words and nonverbal cues. The majority of the communication that goes on in the workplace is nonverbal. Successful employees are aware of their own nonverbal cues and pick up on the nonverbal cues of their coworkers and managers. Introduction Non-verbal communication is the language without words. Hynes states that â€Å"understanding the importanceRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Nonverbal Cues In The Workplace948 Words   |  4 PagesTo be successful in business, one must be able to perceive and use nonverbal cues to one’s advantage. It has been noted by communication experts that when two people have face-to-face communication only a small percentage of the message is delivered through the words they use. The majority of the message is understood and received through nonverbal communication behaviors. These behaviors include gestures, postures, facial expressions, and even clothing; all of which can interfere with the verbalRead MoreThe Importance Of An Undergraduate Business Management Student1535 Words   |  7 Pagesbusiness world, a key component to the productivity within the workplace is communication. As an undergraduate business management student, an important part of communication is understanding the difference between maintaining the faà §ade of an authoritative figure or maintaining a friendly relationship with employees and how it would affect the attitudes, behaviors, productivity and quality of work. In order create a successful workplace environment, finding and establishing a middle ground betweenRead MoreHow Leadership And Attitude Go Together1416 Words   |  6 PagesHow Leadership and Attitude Go Together According to Merriam-Webster Dictionary (2014) attitude is a feeling or way of thinking that affects a person’s behavior† (pg. 1). Normally, when someone thinks of communication, it’s in the verbal form. But what about communications in the nonverbal form, for example one’s mood? Is it a possibility if a leader comes to work with a negative attitude that it can be damaging to the whole team? It is imperative to make sure that leaders understand that coming

Friday, May 15, 2020

Nationalism As A Reason Of World War I - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 685 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/05/02 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: War Essay World War 1 Essay Did you like this example? It has been argued throughout this paper that Germanys assertive nationalism and war planners belief in offensive dominance jointly contributed to the outbreak of World War I. The injection of personal policy preferences into the decision-making process by leaders and inconsistent cooperation between civilian elites and the military lies at the heart of this issue. Whereas Brooks has written that strategic coordination between civilian elites and leaders in Wilhelmine Germany was particularly weak with the military enjoying autonomy from politicians, the evidence has shown that coordination between the military and the civilian leadership did exist with reference to the pursuit of nationalistic programs to establish Germanys world power status. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Nationalism As A Reason Of World War I" essay for you Create order These inconsistencies in coordination can be explained by the personalities and personal policy preferences of the leaders driving policy execution processes. Germanys pursuit of Weltpolitik was spearheaded by Wilhelm II, who hoped to gain the support of the public with the united support of Blow (civil complex) and Tirpitz (military complex); while the civil and military wings were aligned under the kaisers supervision and authorized naval development, what began as an attempt for Germany to seek international recognition as a world power devolved into a costly arms race with Britain. While the Navy League and the battleship development program secured the allegiance of the middle class and generated public enthusiasm for the monarchy and support for Weltpolitik, assertive ship building challenged Britains naval dominance. This contributed to regional instability and increased the risk of a future war by prompting Britain to seek alliances with Germanys neighbors. Britain sought alliances with Japan in 1902, France in 1904, and with Russia in 1907 to counter Germanys challenges to its regional dominance. During this period, the civil complex and military complex lost alignment on the issue of pursuing assertive and nationalistic naval development. Blow cautioned the kaiser on a more passive and peaceful way forward while Tirpitz (military complex) presided over the passage of legislation that exacerbated the arms race and led to the construction of more ships, reflecting the assertive nationalism of the military and its growing influence. Ultimately, Wilhelm IIs desire to see Germany attain world power status resulted in the inducement of regional stability and the formation of a counterweight to German power. Policy realignment between civilian elite and the military was regained under Hollwegs chancellorship due to his own personal policy preferences. He thought the war could be used to secure a larger colonial empire, and used the July crisis as an opportunity for Germany to launch a preventive war and preserve its nationalistic dreams. In this way, Hollwegs own policy preferences, like Wilhelm IIs, escalated regional instability and contributed to the outbreak of war. Hollweg and the civilian elites nationalist decision-making and support for a preventive war to preserve a path for the development of Germanys colonial empire was consistent with the offensive-dominance strategies of German war planners. Military leaders believed that the July crisis presented a window of opportunity for Germany to bring Austria into a preventive war, gain public support for the conflict by shifting the blame on Russian challenges to the peace, and mobilize forces quickly to attack its adversaries to cap italize on its declining offensive dominance in military strength before Russia and its allies got stronger. The personal policy preferences of leaders in decisions that were made to cause World War I mattered because the evidence has shown that they were willing to take risks in order to preserve what they thought was a pathway for Germany to pursue its nationalistic desires and build a colonial empire. The kaiser advocated an aggressive, nationalistic policy that made Germanys regional neighbors feel insecure and ally with each other. All the while, a nationalistic, powerful military continued to push for policies that escalated regional tensions. Hollwegs own nationalistic decision-making exacerbated the tensions that had been stirred up with Britain, France, and Russia in the wake of the Anglo-German naval contest, and he acted against an indecisive kaiser to plunge Germany into war. This leader-influenced nationalism was compatible with military planners belief in the cult of the offensive and led to the outbreak of World War I.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Field Of Data Analytics - 1642 Words

In today’s complex business environment, the field of data analytics is growing in acceptance and importance. It is playing a critical role as a decision-making resource for executives, especially those managing large companies. To shed more light on how companies are taking advantage of analytics, Deloitte Analytics commissioned The Analytics Advantage, the first in an annual series of surveys focusing on the state of analytics readiness at leading corporations and what the future holds. Businesses are struggling with the rapidly increasing volume, speed and variety of information being generated today -- what s come to be known as big data. Companies are seeking technologies that not only help them process and manage all that data, but tap into it to develop insights about the markets they compete in as well as their own performance within those markets.In addition to the growth in importance of analytics and its prospects for the future, other central themes emerged, including the varied ways in which analytics is structured and managed within these enterprises. This signals that the practice of analytics, while progressing as a decision-making resource, remains in its early development stages and will continue to evolve and mature as long as it generates tangible financial benefits for the corporation. 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Describe your company s position and ability to compete on analytics Analytics plays a major roleRead MoreHuman Computer Interaction And Analytics Technologies Essay1723 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Computer Interaction and Analytics A Term Paper Presented to CMPS 5443: Adv Top: Human-Comp Interaction Department of Computer Science Midwestern State University In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements of the Degree Master of Science By Manju Yadav Akkaraboina Fall - 2016 Abstract This paper explains the development in the human computer interaction by using the analytics technologies. The analytics technologies act as a decision support system for the further development in theRead MoreImpact Of Big Data On Businesses1298 Words   |  6 Pages The impact of big data to businesses CIS 5681 Research Project Big Data Solution for Businesses Summer 2015 06/24/2015 Sai Kireety Kokkiligadda Sxk77140@ucmo.edu â€Æ' Abstract Big data is buzzword in every field of business as well as research. Organizations have found its application across various sectors from Sports to Security, from Healthcare to e-Commerce. Information when rightly put in use can cease the market. For instance, with the rise of smart phone purchases, transactions throughRead MoreWhat Is Mapreduce For Clinical Analysis1032 Words   |  5 Pages BIGDATA ANALYTICS ASSIGNMENT-2 HITESH BANDARU ID#1174297 MapReduce for clinical analysis: Introduction: The huge data in the clinical settings shows the challenges in data storage and analysis. Advances in data and correspondence innovation exhibit the most feasible answers for Big data analysis as far as proficiency and adaptability. 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The reason is that the new business model promises a drastic decrease in the cost of analytics for companies long with the flexibility to get the problem solved anytime with much

Policing in Regards to Race, Gender and Ethnicity - 819 Words

In the United States the issue of Policing in regards to race, gender and ethnicity has been an ongoing reform in which state and local legislatures have been dealing with as of recent years. Although there have been legislation on equal opportunity, the primary significance in promoting equality has been the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The Civil Rights Act is a federal legislation, which in part bars discrimination based on race or gender. Employers from local and state agencies are all affected by this legislation. To enforce and see that the legislation is carried out accordingly, the government created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. However, prior to the Civil Rights Act, we take a look back into the historical overview of policing within the United States. Policing in America is a transplant of English heritage policing model. During the early colonial times, formal police departments had yet to have been created. Over time outbreak social disorder and crime erupted causing for a more formal police to model. Formal policing model began to arise in the late 1800’s and leaders at the time attempted to reduce control of the police by politicians. As the 20th century rolled in, the focus began to latch closely on the thought of policing to be an actual professional force. Ultimately, as time progressed so did reforms to change the directive of police department policies. The reforms came at a time where police officersShow MoreRelatedThe War On Drugs And Drugs Essay1549 Words   |  7 Pagesargue that law enforcement agencies routinely engage in racial profiling, arresting and charging a disproportionate number of individuals who are from visible minorities. Unfortunately, police agencies simply explain that they have not targeted the race, but they target the crime. As a result, this paper will examine the relationship between the racial profiling by police agencies and the drug offense, affected minorities by the racial profiling, a nd possible explanations why minorities are in aRead MoreCriminal Justice Trends Evaluation1581 Words   |  7 Pagesthe values of the system in a changing society. Recent trends affecting the criminal justice system are related to gender and racial barriers. According to Roslyn Muraskin and Albert R. Roberts (2009 ), assessments of statuses of women and minorities in police work shows that there are obstacles in official and informal structures of police work organizations related to gender and race. Regardless of assessment studies, which show that women are effective patrol officers, organizational principlesRead MoreEffectiveness And The Overall Perception Of The Police Force2696 Words   |  11 PagesA diverse society is a society in which there are different kinds of people, different races such as black, white, Asian, Mexican etc. The concept of diversity involves acceptance and respect. It means understanding that each individual is unique and recognising individual differences. These can be along the dimensions of race, age, ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender, socio-economic status, physical abilities and religious beliefs. Diversity in the police force is one of the most important aspectsRead MoreAttitudes Towards Police: What are Young Adults Perception of Police?3573 Words   |  15 Pagesenforcement officials and find how these interpretations developed and the sources from which they derived. Literature Review This report examines young adults’ views of law enforcement. It examines the impact of several variables such as race, gender, police contacts, and perceptions of neighborhood and police and media accounts which shape young adults’ opinions. â€Å"Negative perception on the part of young people towards police has been linked to the tendency of young people to come to the attentionRead MoreRace and Ethnicity in Police Employment Practices Essay1818 Words   |  8 PagesRace and Ethnicity in Police Employment Practices Isabel R. Rodriguez University of Phoenix October 3, 2011 Blanche Cook Race and Ethnicity in Police Employment Practices An important part of the United States workforce is made up of police officers. The number of police officers employed has grown drastically over the past few years. However, although the number of police officers employed has increased, public scrutiny has as well. The police employment practices have affected the publics’Read MoreHow Law Enforcement Affects Minorities1392 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom the white supremacist and we do have a more diverse system the race of the criminal seems to still be affecting the outcomes of criminal justice. In earlier times, courtrooms and many jurisdictions were all white decisionmakers. We can see a lot of poorly executed decisions by law enforcement such as stop and frisk due to racial profiling or taking advantage of young minorities influencing them to falsify a confession . Race plays an important role in the justice system because if it s seenRead MoreRacial Profiling Is A Breach Of Justice1491 Words   |  6 Pagesprofiling is co nsidered to be a breach of justice in the US. It is the use of someone’s race or ethnicity by law enforcement in deciding whether or not to stop, search, or arrest an individual. 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However their impact on the community and the negative image it has given the police force outweighRead MoreInstitutionalized Discrimination : The Unearned And Discriminatory Oppression Of An Individual1155 Words   |  5 Pagesboth examples of institutionalized discrimination. The phenomenon occurs u nintentionally at times. The employees will probably automatically think of someone close to them, often of the same race and ethnic group and gender. A hiring decision such as this has the potential to perpetuate racial and gender inequality in the workplace. Some cities and towns are taking matters into their own hands to address the issue of institutionalized discrimination in the Mebane, North Carolina area, and includedRead MorePublic Perception of the Police Essay1471 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract The media portrayal of policing is filled with both positive and negative representations of police work. As a result, a complex relationship exists between media consumption and public attitudes towards the police. The purpose of this study is to test the impact that media consumption has on attitudes toward police misconduct. The research design proposed for use in this study would be the experimental design, a two-group, posttest-only, randomized experiment. Introduction The

Collective bargaining free essay sample

Collective bargaining is concerned with the relations between employers acting through their management representatives and organized labour. It is concerned not only with the negotiation of a formal labour agreement but also with the day- to- day dealings between management and the union. Because the management of the people in so many organizations is closely intertwined with union- employer relationships, it is essential that the student and the practitioner of management develop a sound knowledge of collective bargaining. Furthermore, the effect of collective bargaining extends beyond these establishments that are unionized. It impacts upon the economy as a whole, upon the practices of non-union organisations and upon the society at large. Key Words: collective bargaining, negotiations, union-employer relationships. Introduction Collective bargaining according to Salamon (1957) is a method of determining terms and conditions of employment, which utilizes the process of negotiation and agreement between representatives of management and employees. It provides a formal channel through which the differing interests of management and employees may be resolved on a collective basis. We will write a custom essay sample on Collective bargaining or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Mulvey (1986) defines collective bargaining as a system based on selfdetermination with the contracting parties voluntarily assuming responsibility for reaching an agreement and honouring that agreement. According to International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention No. 98, by Nyman C (1981 p.4) , collective bargaining is seen as a voluntary negotiation between employers’ organizations and workers’ organizations with a view to regulating terms and conditions of employment by collective agreements. Elderly and retired employees Warren (1990) says that welfare for elderly employees is primarily to prepare them for retirement and dealing with any problems they have in coping with their work. Preparation for retirement is a valuable service that many firms offer. Some companies have made special provision for elderly employees by setting aside jobs or work areas for them. However, this has dangers. Treating employees as special cases ahead of their time makes them over-aware of their condition or too dependent on the services provided for them. Retired employees, particularly those with long service, deserve the continuing interest their former employer. The interest need not be oppressive, but continuing social occasions can be provided for them. Group welfare service Group welfare services mainly consist of sports and social clubs, although some companies still support various benevolent societies, which provide additional help and finance in times of need (Wickens, 1987). Heinrich (1959), states that a massive investment in sports facilities is usually of doubtful value unless there is nothing else in the neighborhood. Companies should be prepared to share its facilities with the local community. Facilities can be provided within the firm’s premises if they are needed and are readily available. An investment in special facilities should be made only if there is a real likelihood of their being used regularly by a large proportion of employees. This is an   area where prior consultation, before setting up the facility, and self- government, when it has been established, are essential. Conclusion It is however, increasingly being recognized that employee welfare is the  responsibility of line management and supervision. If the line managers take on their proper role as team leaders as they are close enough to each worker, they should be in a position to identify any personal problems affecting the work of their subordinates. They should be able to either counsel the employees or refer them to the counselling agencies.

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Behavioral Finance In Investment Decision -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Behavioral Finance In Investment Decision? Answer: Introduction Behavioral Finance and investment management goes hand in hand as both are related to managing the Finances(Ritter, 2003). Investment management is a process where funds are managed. It shows as to how can a investor make decisions about investing his money(Stanlay, 2011). While, Behavior management brings together some economy principles which influences psychology of a human behavior while making investment decision. Intention of both of these is to help us make better choices. It involves already imbibed beliefs that make the person bias and these beliefs then hinder the decisions of a person. The concept of efficient market hypothesis is now a part of new modern finance. It is a sound concept in terms of finances. It can be applicable for the capital markets which are linked with the efficiency of cost and the other markets are also analyzed. It deals in the stock market where prices of market show the information about the companies. In other terms, the efficient market hypothes is is a theory of framework which helps in investing when human is going through behavioral finance(Malkiel, 2003). Behavioral Finance challenging the Efficient Hypothesis The Efficient Market Theory has been the only managing and controlling theory of management from many years. Later when behavioral finance came into picture; it challenged the assumptions of Market hypothesis, particularly related to the investment concept. It has involved psychology and emotions into investment behavior theory. Also there are shortcomings of Efficient Market Hypothesis which were pointed out buy the Behavioral Finance and also at the same time, it should be taken positively with respect to stock market studies(Sharma, 2014). The major challenges are the following: Availability and access to information Efficient Market Hypothesis states that the investment markets are sufficient with the information. Everyone can access the information whenever they need and due to this news of investment cannot be manipulated. Although, this statement faces challenges on the basis of two things: access and availability. From the theory point, everyone has access to only the investing information and not on the practical information. Due to daily lifestyle, everyone has different time to access to information. Availability of the information is also a weakness for EMH. Generally, the investment information is available to only top speculators or to the limited group of people who are investing and then at the later stage, it is shared with the public. Hence, the ones who get the information early take the advantage from this. Also, the major emphasis should be given to the on to the method by which the information is communicated rather than the availability of information. In the same context, beh avioral finance says that stock markets are inefficient in information in terms of availability and access(Akintoye, 2008). Fundamental Analysis The methods that help in making investment decisions usually are of two categories: Technical and fundamental analysis. In investment process, if investors want to establish good and profitable relationship with the company, it should apply fundamental components. Its the tendency of the investor to create a picture of the company in their portfolios when an investor is interested in the financial data of the company. Due to this they encourage relationships very confidently with the company they are interested in. In EMH, fundamental analysis is limited. Followers of the EMH, created issues supporting it and due to this, it was taken as a paradoxical theory and at last, concluded with refuting it. Technical Analysis EMH refutes the technical analysis, when the direction of prices on the study of past data forecasting is done. Due to this, the impact on the investment decision making lies because of the historical development of the company. Past data should not be just the focus for the research when one needs to achieve high returns. Past data should only be treated as a memory. Uniformity of Investment As stated by EMH, the people who are very much into the stock market and investment, they are looked as the colorless groups of people those who share the same attitudes, traits, methods and scope. Family or friends, experience or gender are not the things it is limited to. Rational Behavior People who invest in stocks are characterized as logical by the individuals who are efficient in market information. These regular investors are just focused on the outcomes so that they can maximize the profit by that. People, who stay abided by the same investing procedure on a day to day basis, are compared to as the soldiers marching. In investment, being rational is the key and the destination which creates the advantage of competitiveness. Emotions and Investment Investors always form their beliefs on the basis of their emotions involved in every bid. The types of feelings like optimism, pessimism encourage or discourage them from time to time during the investing process. Hence, emotions are clearly are vital in influencing the decisions of the investors. EMH suggests that there is no influence of the emotions in the stock market and the process of investing while behavior Finance emphasize on the emotions a lot and that they are the back bone of the framework. Efficient market hypothesis bubble As far as the investors are investing in marketing very rationally, the bubbles that are created in EMH cannot be understood. For example: the dot com bubble where internet based companies enjoyed a very high stock price by just adding a .com to it in the end. These bubbles and t hese arguments are in favor of dominating the Behavioral Finance over EMH. A nave hypothesis EMH is not a very complicated theoretical framework as compared to the Behavioral Finance. EMH is considered to be the nave approach or a simple one. Being simple or nave, it is very popular with in investors from a long time as it gives out the positivity in investing decisions, though the outcomes are serious. Behavioral Finance on the other hand is complicated and due to this it is not accepted by the majority of the community(Kalra et al., 2014). Implications of Behavioral Finance for Investment Managers While traditional theory states that the decisions made by the investors are mostly rational, the modern theory says that this is not the case. Decisions are mostly inconsistent and they play a very important role in influencing human mind by creating an illusion. The implications of behavioral finance are informed by the two cognitive illusions: Heuristic Decision Process and Prospect Theory. Heuristic Decision Process When tools like algorithms, techniques and tricks are used for solving problems, and then heuristic decision process takes place. When investors invest, their decision is not always rational as it is very difficult to remove the emotions from in the process. The factors that are included in Heuristic process are: Representativeness: The tendency to take decisions on the basis of the previous experiences is known as stereotype. Tversky Kahneman in 1982, defined representativeness as: 1) When the parent population is equal to the events characteristics and 2) Examines important features of procedure by which it yields. Overconfidence: It was studied by Guth, Dittrich and Maciejobsky in 2001, that only two third of the participants are overconfident. Also it was observed that those who lose their money in market are prone to becoming more confident. Confidence plays vital role in gaining success. Although it is not the only source for gaining success, it is encouraged by all and is considered to be a positive trait. Now when investors become over confident, they tend to excessive training which is bad(Chaudhary, 2013). Anchoring: When people invest, they tend to think that the final result would depend on the initial values of the trade in different situations but it might only be the partial calculation and not the final one. Although later anchoring process was involved where Kahneman and Tversky stated that different estimates lead to the initial values. Failure of Gamblers: When the probable results are being expected, lack of understanding and incorrect estimation can be done sometimes. This lack of incorrect decision making is known as Gamblers Failure. Bias Availability: It is like a cognitive bias which makes the human being to overestimate the possible probabilities of the events with distinct happenings. Generally, investors give more weight on the mostly available information while they make decisions(Jahanzeb et al., 2012). Herd Behavior: When the decision making is done by looking at other peoples decision, it is known as the herd behavior. Whenever anyone new joins the market, he being new would always look forward to other investors decision who is being dealing with the market from a long time. Mental Accounting: Found by Richard Thaler, it is a concept in which the investors frame the transaction the way they look at the utility they are expecting out of it. The bias decision is when the investors value the money on the basis of the source from where it is generated(Sharma, 2016). Conserve Nature: When any kind of change occurs, people tend to be slow toward adapting those new changes. This is known as conservatism bias. If t he changes are occurring on the larger basis, then people will adjust to it sooner and will react to that sooner. They can also possibly overreact too in some circumstances. Effect of Disposition: An investor after investing the money does not want to sell the share until it goes up on the price he put into it earlier. Even when the prices go down, investor does not want to sell. This effect helps in realizing the small gains and small losses that an investor might go through. It reflects in the average of the stocks trading volume(Weber Camerer, 1998). Loss Aversion: This theory is based on the idea that the loss that an investor carries is greater than the gift of the gain of the same amount. If the investors are reluctant to loss than they might invest even more to not be on the same position anymore. This process explains averaging down tactics where investor is exposed to the stock that is falling in order to regain what they have lost. This is known to be as escalation bias(KONSTANTINIDIS, 2012). Regret Aversion: It rises when the investor wants to avoid the feeling of regret that he gets from the loss of the amount in stocks when he made the poor investment decision. When they regret the decision, they will be more prone to hold their shares which are on the loss(Singh, 2012). Behavioral Finance, Market Hypothesis and Investment Management and their Impacts on each other When an avid investor invests in the market, he should be able to invest his money in the right way and at the right place. Investment management helps an investor to do that. Very often emotions come in between the investment. It depends on the amount that is being invested and the gains or the losses too(DUPERNEX, 2007). That is where behavioral finance comes into picture. Investment Management is also related to the asset management as it helps in the management of the infrastructures for operating the investments(Reyes, 2015). And efficient market theory is also very important for the finance in the modern world. It can be applicable for the capital markets(Degutis, 2014). Behavioral Finance basically refutes two implications of the EMH. Majority of investors takes logical decisions on the basis of information available. The price of the market is always right(nyssa, 2010). Efficient Hypothesis theory and behavioral finance both are important when it comes to investment management as they both have different but helps in the same i.e. investment. Within the last 50 years, EMH has been a subject of the academic research as it precedes fundamental theory of movement in the assets. The basic definition of this is that the market always operated efficiently and the stock prices are reflected in all the information. Now that everybody is keen to know all that information responds to it immediately. The result of which is that the efficient markets does not allow the investors to gain above average returns without taking any risks. While EM theory prevails in the financial economy, the followers of the behavioral finance believe that irrational and rational behavior or emotions influence the investors decision(Nath, 2015). Both these things does impact on the investment management as they both suggests different theories. Proponents of both the theories think different and that changes the prospect of investment management every now and then. Many behavioral finance concepts tend to refute the efficient market hypothesis. But that does not mean that the efficiency should be discounted on the whole. By understanding the weaknesses and the strengths of these theories can help the investor to catch new information and take more informed and subtle decisions. The market prices are high because millions of people thinking indifferently gets motivated by the emotions they feel while investing, gaining or loosing. When all the members who are investing, think alike, the estimate of the result or the prices is always inaccurate. In this situation, one can see the overflow of the information and motivation. It is the herd like behavior which creates one of the two emotions: fear or greed. While greed can make the investors buy same group of stocks, fear makes the investors pull their money out of the stock as they fear of losing it. Now regardle ss of the one who promotes efficient market theory or not, most people agree to the fact that creating the wisdom of crowds must be on the top priority of the avid investors, government, policymakers and regulators(Lo, 2005). Conclusion This essay shows as to how behavioral finance and efficient market hypothesis helps in investment management. When an investor invests in some stock, he goes through a lot of emotional changes as it is said by behavioral finance. Yet efficient market hypothesis refutes this theory of behavioral finance saying that emotions do not have any role in influencing the decisions of the investors while investing. The difference between both these theories is also discussed in this essay. There are some implications of behavioral finance for investment managers. All are discussed in detail as all of them denote different theories and logic behind investing. Finance recently seems to produce long term anomalies. The market anyway does not suggest that market efficiency should be deserted. On the other hand behavioral finance brings together the influences of human behavior in making investment decisions. It does not matter how sophisticated the data is, the decisions has to be taken by the inv estor only(MITROI, 2014). References Akintoye, I.R., 2008. Efficient Market Hypothesis and Behavioural Finance: A. European Journal of Social Sciences, 7(2). Chaudhary, A.K., 2013. IMPACT OF BEHAVIORAL FINANCE IN INVESTMENT. Int. J. Mgmt Res. Bus. Strat, 2(2). Degutis, A., 2014. THE EFFICIENT MARKET HYPOTHESIS: A CRITICAL. ISSN, 93(2). DUPERNEX, S., 2007. WHY MIGHT SHARE PRICES FOLLOW A RANDOM WALK? Student Economic Review, 21. Jahanzeb, A., Muneer, S. Rehman, S., 2012. Implication of Behavioral Finance in investment decision-making proces. Business and Management Review, 2(8). Kalra, P., Gupta, E. Bedi, P., 2014. Efficient Market Hypothesis V/S Behavioural Finance. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 16(4), pp.56 - 60. KONSTANTINIDIS, A., 2012. FROM EFFICIENT MARKET HYPOTHESIS TO BEHAVIOURAL. Scientific Bulletin Economic Sciences, 11(2). Lo, A.W., 2005. empirical. [Online] Available at: https://www.empirical.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Andrew-Lo-Reconciling-Efficient-Markets-with-Behavioral-Finance.pdf [Accessed 2 February 2018]. Malkiel, B.G., 2003. The Ef? cient Market Hypothesis and Its. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 17(1), pp.59-82. MITROI, A., 2014. Behavioral finance: biased individual investment. Theoretical and Applied Economics , 21(1). Nath, T., 2015. nasdaq. [Online] Available at: https://www.nasdaq.com/article/investing-basics-what-is-the-efficient-market-hypothesis-and-what-are-its-shortcomings-cm530860 [Accessed 2 February 2018]. nyssa, 2010. nyssa. [Online] Available at: https://post.nyssa.org/nyssa-news/2010/05/whither-efficient-markets-efficient-market-theory-and-behavioral-finance.html [Accessed 2 February 2018]. Reyes, A.I., 2015. Implementation of an Asset Management and Maintenance System for the College. International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, 12(2). Ritter, J.R., 2003. Behavioral Finance. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 11(4). Sharma, A.J., 2014. The Behavioural Finance. The SIJ Transactions on Industrial, Financial Business Management, 2(6). Sharma, A.J., 2016. Role of Behavioural Finance in the Financial Market. International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 5(1). Singh, S., 2012. Investor Irrationality and Self-Defeating Behavior. The Journal of Global Business Management, 8(1). Stanlay, M., 2011. Investment Management. Investment Management Journal, 1(2). Weber, M. Camerer, C.F., 1998. The disposition effect in securities trading. Journal of Economic Behavior Organization, 33.

Monday, April 13, 2020

And Then There Were None Essays (494 words) - English-language Films

And Then There Were None And Then There Were None I recently read a mystery book by the name of And Then There Were None by Agatha Christie. I read this book because I have read other books by Agatha Christie that were pretty well written. Ten people are invited to an island, called Indian Island,by letters that were signed by people they had met before. When they got to the island, they found out that their host, U.N.Owen, had not arrived yet. At dinner, they heard a voice, accusing each of them of a murder, which they were all guilty of. After one of them is killed, according to the first verse of a poem that is framed above each of their beds called Ten Little Indians, they figure out that the murderer is one of them! As more people are killed off, one by one, the group narrows the suspect list down, until only one is left alive but she figured that she would never get off the islan anyway, and she hung herself from the ceiling by putting a noose around her neck and kicking the chair away on which she was standing, but she was no t the killer. One of the mysteries to this book was, of course, who killed all of the innocent people. Another mystery was that every time another person was killed a little indian figure would disappear from the edges of a serving plate. One more mystery was that every murder followed, in order, the famous poem Ten Little Indians, which reads: Ten little Indian boys went out to dine; One chocked his self and then there were nine. Nine Indian boys sat up very late; One overslept himself then there were eight. Eight Indian boys traveling in Devon; One said he'd stay there then there were seven. Seven Indian boys chopping up sticks; One chopped himself in halves then there were six. Six Indian boys playing with a hive; A bumble-bee stung one then there were five. Five Indian boys going in for law; One got in Chancery then there were four. Four Indian boys going out to sea; A red herring swallowed one then there were three. Three Indian boys walking in the zoo; A big bear hugged one th en there were two. Two Indian boys sitting in the sun; One got all frizzled up then there was one. One Indian boy left all alone; He went and hanged himself and then there were none. I really enjoyed this book and thought it to be entertaining. It was a hard book to put down and I read about half of the book in one day because it was so interesting. And since it is a mystery I thought I knew exactly what was going to happen, but it had a strange twist right towards the end. I would definitley recommend this book to anyone who likes a good mystery. Book Reports

Saturday, April 11, 2020

College Essay Acceptance Samples - How To Prepare?

College Essay Acceptance Samples - How To Prepare?College essays is a crucial step in your undergraduate education. By the time you have completed your bachelor's degree, it is just about time to start writing your college essay acceptance samples.Colleges prefer students who wrote well on their college essay and follow them up by doing well on their senior essays. Although, a lot of students are given offers from some colleges without doing their freshman essays. As an alternative, they might choose to write a sophomore essay for college essays.Writing an effective college essay can make a difference. Writing a convincing essay can also land you in top colleges. Writing a convincing essay is not an easy task. It requires strong writing skills and a thorough knowledge about different parts of the English language.One of the most important components of an essay is to analyze the writing style that a teacher has used to teach the topic of the essay. A good essay is not an ordinary ess ay. It is intended to be educational. It provides information about your learning and experience of the topics that you have chosen to write. Your college essay should therefore display your ability to read and analyze the information with the correct grammar and punctuation.There are various activities in which you can practice. The first thing is to study the two basic types of essay formats- traditional and electronic. Then, you should compose an electronic essay, online essay or thesis. Each one of these provides a clear advantage and disadvantage over the other.You will find that traditional essay requires you to cover a topic with different elements, including the structure, vocabulary, rules of grammar, descriptions, figures, examples, logic, reference, and discussion. All of these components are interlinked and will play an important role in the success of your essay. If you forget the importance of these components, then you will be causing some damage to your college essay . When you write a traditional essay, your article has to be based on a theme.With a traditional essay, you do not need to deal with any flash points such as style, the format, etc. You will be able to focus your thoughts and solve some of the most difficult essay questions that confront most students.

Wednesday, March 11, 2020

Quotes From the Movie Wedding Crashers

Quotes From the Movie 'Wedding Crashers' The tagline for the movie Wedding Crashers is Lifes a party. Crash it. The movie deals with the exploits of two men, John Beckwith and Jeremy Grey, who crash weddings hoping to have a good time, drink free alcohol and pick up women. The film has several hilarious moments that make viewers laugh out loud. The following ​Wedding Crasher quotes take you on a journey through this laugh-a-minute comedy. John Beckwith What are you doing? Its a game of touch football, every time I look over youre on your ass again.What are you going to do for an encore? Walk on water?You know how they say we only use 10 percent of our brains? I think we only use 10 percent of our hearts.Im sorry I called you a hillbilly. I dont even know what that means.Love doesnt exist, thats what Im trying to tell you guys. And Im not picking on love, cause I dont think friendship exists either.Were brothers from New Hampshire. Were venture capitalists.I am going to go dance with the little flower girl. Oh, and I might be a charter member of Oprahs book club. Jeremy Grey Tattoo on the lower back? Might as well be a bulls eye.Grab that net and catch that beautiful butterfly pal.Im gonna go see Dr. Finklestein, and Im gonna tell him we have a whole new bag of issues. We can forget about mom for a while.I felt like Jodie Foster in The Accused last night.I happen to know everything there is to know about maple syrup! I love maple syrup. I love maple syrup on pancakes. I love it on pizza. And I take maple syrup and put a little bit in my hair when Ive had a rough week. What do you think holds it up, slick?I hope you flip your bike over and knock your two front teeth out! You selfish son of a bitch! You leave me in the trenches taking grenades, John!A friend in need is a pest.Im just warming up. Last week I did an exact [balloon] replica, to scale, of Wrigley Field. Honest to God. I dont have anywhere to put it.She hasnt returned your phone calls, she hasnt responded to any of your letters, she didnt respond to the candygram. God knows what happened to the kitten you got for her. Cause she didnt keep it, and I know youre not raising the goddamn thing. I think its very obvious at this juncture that she just flat out does not wanna see you. Im not perfect, but who are we kidding. neither are you. Chazz Reinhold Grief is natures most powerful aphrodisiac.  I almost numchucked  you; you dont even realize!  Yeah, her boyfriend just died. Dude died in a hang-gliding accident! What an idiot . Mrs. Kroeger You shut your mouth when youre talking to me! Todd Cleary Death, you are my bitch lover. Vivian Would you say youre completely full of shit or just 50 percent?

Sunday, February 23, 2020

Seven brides of seven brothers Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Seven brides of seven brothers - Movie Review Example ies of the world by different names, such as, ‘Satte Pe Satta’ by the Indian film industry, which proves the worldwide success and reception of the film. 2. The history of westward expansion and settlement of the United States links with the theme of the play. In Oregon 1.3 km2 was allocated to each unmarried individual and 2.6 km2 was allocated to married couples during the time of settlement. It seems like every person living at that time had in mind that living in the form of a couple would be in huge benefit for them not only for fulfilling their sexual desires legally but also to get ownership of a large piece of land. 3. After watching the play, it seems like it is the world of men and women are supposed to live under the shadow of men either voluntarily or involuntarily. For example, in the play, the women first opposed their kidnapping but then they agreed to the circumstances and eventually fell in love with their new suitors. This shows that males dominate women and women have somewhat learned and agreed to this. 4. The production as staged at the Ellen Eccles Theatre is an attempt to perform the play the same way as it has been played in original. However, live musical can never match the filmed musical because filmed musicals are free of acting and production flaws. For instance, live musicals such as Seven Brides for Seven Brothers show staged at the Ellen Eccles Theatre gave some signs of coordination, direction, and music management flaws regardless of with how much attention the play was

Friday, February 7, 2020

Understand the functional nature of the Christian Faith rooted in Research Paper

Understand the functional nature of the Christian Faith rooted in human nature,the cosmos, Christian revelation,and Jesus - Research Paper Example Within the structure of the human life, we can distinguish the inner and outer heart and functions. Therefore, faith is considered as the highest function in human existence. This on one hand implies that believing is the only function, and on the other hand it the most important of all functions. When believing is only functional, it implies that faith is not identical with the heart, but it is determined by the heart in its direction toward good or evil. In short, the whole man is religious and his life is a walk before the face of God in obedience or disobedience (Albi). Since the nature of the Christian faith is functional, it is subject to functional law. In this respect, it is identical to all other functions. Furthermore, faith has an analytical function whose nature is to analyze and distinguish. Distinguishing simply entails noting diversity existing independently with respect to its distinguishing activity. Therefore, the analytical is able to note the distinctness of law and function not only in other law spheres but also in the case of analytical itself (Albi). Faith is a fundamental pillar in Christianity since in its absence, spirituality cannot exist, and hope is doomed to crumble. Also, it is the fundamental principle of the religion of Christ. Many people who consider themselves Christians don’t really understand what faith is. However, the Christian faith is grounded and if the foundation is faulty, then it unlikely that structures built upon it will be strong (Boice). According to the Christian faith, the cosmos and all its components were created by God. The ancient Jewish communities believed that the cosmos consisted a flat shaped disc planet that floated on water. According to them, the world was made up of the underworld and the heavens. However, the Jews later adopted the idea that the underworld was a place where

Wednesday, January 29, 2020

Selective vs. Differential Media Essay Example for Free

Selective vs. Differential Media Essay Answer the following questions as you work your way through the lab material typing in your answers. Then submit your finished lab report as a Microsoft Word document. This lab report is worth 100 points towards your final lab grade. Each Q is worth 2 points unless otherwise noted. Also, per the Honor Code, this work must be your own. This is due Mon. 10/8 at 11:59 PM. The theme of this lab is the identification of unknown bacteria and viruses in a lab. Selective vs. Differential Media Selective vs. Differential Media Use the following website to help you answer Q 1 and 2 http://www.highlands.edu/academics/divisions/scipe/biology/labs/rome/selectivedifferential.htm 1. What is a selective medium? What makes the medium selective? Name 2 examples (3 pts.) A selective medium is a medium that contains antimicrobials, dyes or alcohol that supports the growth of certain organisms, while inhibiting the growth of others. Two examples of selective medium are Mannitol Salt agar and Phenylethyl Alcohol. 2. What is a differential medium? What makes the medium differential? Name 2 examples (3 pts.) Differential medium is distinguishing microorganisms from one another based on growth characteristics. A medium is differential when you are able to visibly see the differences in growth patterns of organisms. Differential media include blood agar and Eosin Methylene Blue. Steps Used in Identifying an Unknown Bacterium in a Laboratory I. In a lab situation you would take you inoculum and perform a streak plate in order to separate out individual cells enough to obtain a pure culture (see Atlas p. 5) 3. What is the most common streaking method? (2 pts.) The most common streaking method is the Streak plate method, while the most common streaking technique is the quadrant method. The quadrant method incubates an agar using a four-streak pattern. 4. What is the principle behind the Streak Plate Method of Isolation? (2 pts.) The Streak Plate Method of Isolation is used to obtain a pure culture in order to isolate a certain organism. This method allows for the organism to produce individual colonies on an agar plate. II. After incubating your streak plate you would perform a Gram Stain as you learned in Lab #1 – The Virtual Gram Stain. Im directing you to the Virtual Gram Stain website from the Univ. of Michigan. Click on View Example. You will need to move your cursor over the test tubes to see what each contains. Then click on the test tubes in the correct order to run the program this is really cool! http://vudat.msu.edu/gram_stain/ 5. What were the results of your Virtual Gram Stain, i.e. describe what you see on the slide as to color, Gram Stain result and morphology? (4 pts.) The gram stain was negative. The shape was bacilli and had purple spores present. III. Using the dichotomous keys provided as MSWord Documents in this lab, you would carry out specific tests utilizing selective and differential media in order to identity your bacterium. In a microbiology lab you would use â€Å"Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology†. This book includes all tests and their results to aid in the identification of unknown bacteria. Use the following websites to answer these questions: http://www.saskschools.ca/curr_content/biology20/unit3/unit3_mod1_les2.htm http://www.uiweb.uidaho.edu/micro_biology/250/IDFlowcharts.pdf 6. What is a dichotomous key? (4 pts.) A dichotomous key is a key used to help identify bacteria using process of elimination testing in order to identify each bacteria characteristic. 7. Based on the Information Flow Charts from Bergeys Manual of Determinative Bacteriology Page 2, answer these questions: (4 pts) a. What is the FIRST test that is performed in a lab to differentiate between groups of bacteria? The first test preformed to differentiate between bacteria is Gram stain testing. b. If you looked at your slide with the 100X oil immersion objective, what is the next thing that you would observe based on the information in the flow chart? The next step in identification is morphology. 8. The remaining flow chart pages will show you how dichotomous keys are used in bacterial identification. Scroll down to page 7 and look at the Family Enterobacteriaceae which is comprised of Gram negative rods. (4 pts.) a. What is the first test that may be performed to start differentiating among the individual species? The first test that may be performed to start differentiating among the individual species is Lactose Fermentation. b. Use of a dichotomous key allows you to perform the next test needed to identify your mystery microbe based on the results of the test you just performed, i.e. were the results positive + or negative -. Using the flowchart, what would be the microbe which has these test results: Lactose positive (+), Indole positive (+) and Citrate negative (-)? The microbe would be Escherichia Coli. ATLAS SECTION 2: SELECTIVE MEDIA. I would like for you to read over the different types of selective media and then answer the following questions. Remember that selective media promote the growth of some bacteria while actively discouraging the growth of others. 9. For what is Chocolate II agar used? ( 2 pts.) Chocolate II agar is used for isolation and cultivation of Neisseria and Haemophilus. 10. Based on the information in the Principle section, Phenylethyl Alcohol Agar will select for the growth of which bacteria? What does the alcohol actually do? (2 pts.) Phenylethyl Alcohol Agar selects for the growth of Gram-positive organisms. The Alcohol in the agar interferes with the DNA synthesis of Gram-negative organisms which inhibits growth. ATLAS SECTION 7: DIFFERENTIAL MEDIA Please read over this section. Differential media usually distinguish or differentiate different species of bacteria based on the color of the individual colonies or the areas surrounding them. Look up these tests and answer the following questions: Blood Agar, Catalase, Citrate, Coagulase, Indole, Methyl Red, Motility, TSI, Urea, 11. What is a hemolysis and what type of bacteria produce it? (2 pts.) Hemolysis is the exotoxin of gram positive cocci (streptococcus, enterocus, and aerocccus) that destroy RBCs and hemoglobin. 12. What are the 3 major types of hemolysis and their descriptions? (2 pts.) The three types of hemolysis are B, A, Y. B is complete clearing or destruction of the RBCs or hemoglobin and it results in a clearing of the medium around the colonies. A is partial destruction and a green color forms around the colonies. Y is non-Hemolysis and shows simple growth and no change to the medium. 13. When would you use the Catalase test? (2 pts.) This test should be used when trying to identify organisms that produce catalase. It is used when differentiating between Catalase positive micrococcaceae and catalase negative streptococcaceae and some variations of the catalase test are for mycobacterium. 14. The Citrate Tests is part of what test series? What is the color of a positive Citrate Test? (2 pts.) The citrate tests are part of the IMVIC (Indole, Methyl Red, Voges-Prokauer and Citrates tests) and are used to distinguish between enterobacteriaceae and other gram negative rods. A positive Citrate test will turn blue. 15. What is the purpose of the Coagulase Test? Why is it to S. aureus’ advantage to produce this enzyme? (2 pts.) The coagulase test is used to differentiate between staphylococcus aureus and other gram positive cocci. Coagulase forms a shield with fibrin barriers to resist phagocytoses and other cellular attacks. 16. The Indole test will help differentiate what group of bacteria? Using the Methyl Red test, what color indicates a positive result? (2 pts.) The Indole test help differentiate enterobacteriaceae and a positive Methyl Red test result is red. 17. What is the principal behind the TSI agar test? The shallow slant and deep butt allow for what? (2 pts.) Triple Sugar Iron Agar test or TSI is loaded with nutrients to help distinguish between enterobacteriaceae and other gram negative rods on the basis of glucose fermentation, lactose fermentation, sucrose fermentation and sulfur reduction. A slanted test tube with a deep butt is used. The agar contains beef and yeast extracts as well as peptone for carbon and nitrogen sources. Also, Sodium thiosulfate for reducible sulfur. Phenol red as a Ph indicator and iron in ferrous sulfate as a hydrogen sulfate indicator. The basis is as something is digested the changes in ph and hydrogen sulfate will cause the color to change. 18. What pathogens can be identified using the Urease test? What color is a positive result? (2 pts.) Identified pathogens come from the genus Proteus. These hydrolyze urea with and enzyme called urease. A positive result will be pink. Watch this program that will walk you through the process of identifying a foodborne pathogen that has made people sick. Follow the instructions, clicking where indicated to start the activity. Once the file opens, click first on Gram Stain and you will see how it works. Then answer the following questions. http://www.swtafe.vic.edu.au/toolbox/lab_ops/laboratory/studynotes/snFlowChartIdentProcBac.htm 19. What Gram positive cocci were discovered using the Gram Stain? (2 pts.) The Gram positive cocci discovered using the Gram Stain are staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Streptococcus. 20. The positive results of the Catalase Test indicated the possible presence of which Gram + bacteria? (2 pts.) The Catalast test indicated the possible presence of micrococcus and Staphylococcus bacteria. 21. The Oxidation/Fermentation test was positive for which Gram + bacteria? (2 pts.) The Oxidation/Fermentaion test was positive for staphylococcus bacteria. 22. The Coagulase test specifically identified which species of Staphylococcus? (2 pts.) The Coagulase test specifically identified the species aureus. Now using the Dichotomous Keys provided in the Blackboard section for Lab #3, identify these bacteria based on their test results. Then provide a brief description of each from the Atlas Section 12. (4 pts. each) 23. Test Results: Gram + coccus, Catalase negative, Alpha Hemolysis Bacteria are S. pneumoniae. S. pneumoniae ia an ac-hemolytic, nonmotile, encapsulated, facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive coccus. It is a significant cause of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia and menigitis in adults. There are at least 80 different serotypes and are defined by antigenically by their capsules. Typically starts in the nasopharynx and from there spread to the lungs and develops into pneumonia or is harbored asymptomatic for months. 24. Test Results: Gram + coccus, Catalase positive, Coagulase negative, Beta Hemolysis Bacteria are S. epidermis. S. epidermis are non-motile, facultatively anaerobic, non-hemolytic, gram-positive coccus. Normal inhabitant of human skin that has become a significant nosocomial pathogen, Most strains produce a slime layer that may enable them to attach to certain hospital apparatus used in surgical procedures, thereby gaining entrance into the body. Most infections at the site of prosthetic implantation are from S. epidermis, can be severe or fatal. 25. Test Results: Gram – rod, Lactose negative, Urease positive Bacteria are P. mirabilis. P. mirabilis are straight, facultatively anaeroic, highly motile (swarming), Gram-negative rod. It is a normal inhabitant of our intestinal tract and is in some other animals as well. It is also common in soil and contaminated water. Is has the â€Å"swarming motility† characteristics ad produces a series of visible concentric rings. Common nosocomial pathogen isolated from septic wounds and Urinary tract infections. You get it from direct contact with the source. It can lead to other complications like kidney stones and Proteus Septicemia. 26. Test Results: Gram – rod, Lactose positive, IMViC ++ (= negative, negative, positive, positive), Urease positive Bacteria are K. pneumoniae. K. pneumoniae are nonmotile, encapsulted, facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative rod. It is found in soil, water, grain, fruits, vegetables and intestinal tracts of a variety of animals including humans. It is in the nasopharynx and oropharynx in humans and is often transmitted as aerosol droplets from person to person. It is a very common nosocominal pathogen. Common infections caused by K. pneumoniae are pneumonia, urinary tract infection, bronchitis, surgical wound infections, biliam tract infections and hospital associated bacteremia. The bacteria are becoming more antibiotic resistant and harder to treat in recent years. ATLAS SECTION 9: MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES Today a pathogenic microbe can be identified very quickly using molecular techniques such as DNA Extraction, Electrophoresis, Polymerase Chain Reaction and DNA Sequencing. Answer the following questions using the information in this section of your Atlas. 27. What are the 3 BASIC steps in DNA extraction? (2 pts.) The 3 basic steps in DNA extraction are- 1. Detergent (Sodium Dodecylsulfate-SDS) is used to lyse cells and release cellular contents. 2. Heating-dentures proteins and other cell components 3. Water-soluble DNA is precipitated in cold alcohol as a whitish, stringy mass. 28. What does electrophoresis do? What is added to the gel to make the results visible? (2 pts.) Electrophoresis is a technique where molecules are separated by size and electrical charge in a gel. Coomassie blue is added for protein staining and ethidium bromide (fluorescent dye) is used for nucleic acids. 29. What enzyme is used in PCR and why? (2 pts.) The enzyme used in PCR is DNA Polymerase. It is used because it is able to attach the free nucleotides to complementary bases on the template and create a good copy. THE VIRTUAL BACTERIA ID LAB from the HOWARD HUGHES MEDICAL INSTITUTE http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/vlabs/index.html Open this website and click on â€Å"The Bacterial Identification Lab†. Following the instructions, work your way through this lab. 30. Following the instructions, identify your bacterium and write the species name here. (To do so, you will need to read the page entitled Nucleotide Sequence (1410 letter) and click on Descriptions. Then click on the top Accession Code. Move down to the 7th line: Organism.) (8 pts.) Our bacterium species name is Bartonella henselae 31. Now, on the CDC website (http://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/diseases/catscratch.htm) , look up the information on this bacterium and write a 2 paragraph (4-5 sentences per paragraph) answer on the disease that it causes. (8 pts.) The disease that our bacterium Bartonella henselae causes is cat scratch disease (CSD). Most people that are affected in CSD have been scratched or bitten by a cat that is carrying it. They develop an infection at the site of injury. The lymph nodes, typically the ones around the neck, head and upper limbs become swollen. Some of the symptoms people with CSD have are fever, headache, fatigue and poor appetite. There are also some rare complications of this bacterium like bacillary angiomatosis and Parinaud’s oculolandular syndrome. Cats and kittens can spread CDS bacterium to people through bites and scratches. About 40% of cats are carrying CDS at some point in their lives. Cats with CDS do not display and signs of the illness and you cannot determine which cats have it and which do not. You can reduce your risk of contracting CDS by avoiding rough play with cats, washing cat bites and scratches immediately with soap and water, not letting the cat lock open wounds and controlling fleas. You want to call the doctor if an infection occurs after a bite or scratch. Generally CSD is not serious. Medical treatment is not usually needed. Sometimes treatment with antibiotics like azithromycin is helpful in clearing the infection. Prognosis is good. On a side note, I actually had this as a child. I got it from a stray kitten scratch. I developed large swollen lymph nodes under my arms, fever and soreness. I am not sure if not as much was known back then but my Dr. did surgery to remove the lymph node from under my left arm and drained the other. It was the only surgery (excluding my c-ections) that I have ever had. I never had any further complications after the surgery and was fine immediately afterwards. ATLAS SECTION 10: VIRUSES Viruses cannot be grown on media as bacteria can because they are obligate intracellular parasites and need host cells for reproduction. Therefore their identification in a lab is much more difficult. Often immunological tests are used and you will learn about these in a future lab. 32. Describe the HIV virus. What specific human cells does it infect? (3 pts) The HIV virus is the cause of AIDS. Two forms of the virus exist, HIV-1 and HIV-2. Both are retroviruses and have the ability to make DNA from and RNA template. HIV infects cells with CD4 membrane receptors, normally used for antigen recognition, but by HIV for attachment. A subpopulation of T cells, the T4 helper cells are most commonly affected and die. Other types of cells infected can be dendritic, macrophages and moncytes, HIV can be transmitted through bodily fluids to include: blood, breast milk, semen and vaginal secretions. 33. What is the principle behind growing viral host cells in a lab? What happens after the virus is introduced to the cell culture and what is the result? (5 pts.) The principle behind growing viral host cells is to attain presumptive identification of a virus, how host cells replicate, how quickly it causes damage, and the type of damage it produces. The virus inflicts damage upon the host cell, which in called the CPE (cytopathic effect). It can take as long as 4 days or up to 4 weeks to start seeing damage. Most often they start as small spots (foci) in the cell layer and spread outwards. Common damage to cells includes rounding (small or large), change in texture, or formation of syncytium (the fusion of infected cells).